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Canary Tourmaline

Tourmaline supergroup (elbaite) · Na(Li,Al)₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH) with Mn · Mohs 7–7.5

Also sold as: Canary yellow tourmaline; Lundazi yellow tourmaline

In short

Canary Tourmaline is a tourmaline supergroup (elbaite), Na(Li,Al)₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH) with Mn, and sits at 7–7.5 on the Mohs scale. The colour is governed by mn²⁺ with low iron gives a saturated canary yellow; the absence of Fe is what keeps it from going brown or olive. Most of what is traded comes out of Lundazi, Eastern Province, Zambia. Zambian material is commonly heated to about 500–600 °C to remove a brownish or pinkish cast, and the treatment is stable and effectively undetectable.

The facts

Species
Tourmaline supergroup (elbaite)
Chemistry
Na(Li,Al)₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH) with Mn
Hardness
7–7.5 on the Mohs scale
Refractive index
1.619–1.640
Specific gravity
3.05–3.10
Crystal system
Trigonal
Cleavage
None
Cause of colour
Mn²⁺ with low iron gives a saturated canary yellow; the absence of Fe is what keeps it from going brown or olive
Origins
Lundazi, Eastern Province, Zambia · Canhota, Paraíba, Brazil
Treatment
Zambian material is commonly heated to about 500–600 °C to remove a brownish or pinkish cast, and the treatment is stable and effectively undetectable. Assume heating unless a report says otherwise.
Confused with
Yellow beryl, Citrine, Chrysoberyl, Yellow sapphire
Price guidance
80–500 USD/ct for clean saturated stones

What canary Tourmaline actually is

Canary Tourmaline is classified as tourmaline supergroup (elbaite), with the composition Na(Li,Al)₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH) with Mn. It crystallises in the trigonal system.

Colour comes from mn²⁺ with low iron gives a saturated canary yellow; the absence of Fe is what keeps it from going brown or olive, which is also what a laboratory looks at when it is asked whether a colour is natural.

Refractive index 1.619–1.640. Specific gravity around 3.05–3.10. Cleavage: none. Those three numbers separate it from most of what imitates it.

Where canary Tourmaline comes from

Canary Tourmaline is produced at Lundazi, Eastern Province, Zambia and Canhota, Paraíba, Brazil.

The locality is part of the description, not a footnote — two stones of the same weight from two of these places are not the same stone.

How canary Tourmaline is treated

Zambian material is commonly heated to about 500–600 °C to remove a brownish or pinkish cast, and the treatment is stable and effectively undetectable. Assume heating unless a report says otherwise.

Treatment changes value, sometimes by a multiple, so it belongs in the description before the price and not after the sale.

What canary Tourmaline is confused with

In the trade canary Tourmaline is most often mistaken for, or substituted by, Yellow beryl, Citrine, Chrysoberyl or Yellow sapphire.

The separation is rarely a matter of opinion: refractive index 1.619–1.640 and specific gravity 3.05–3.10 settle most of it in a minute, and magnification settles the rest.

What canary Tourmaline is used for

Demand for canary Tourmaline comes from jewellery and mineral collecting, which is why one price per carat never covers it.

We quote each application in the unit that trade actually buys in, by the carat or by the specimen.

Durability and care

Hardness 7–7.5; cleavage none. That combination decides what it can safely be set into.

With no cleavage plane to worry about, the practical limit is abrasion rather than breakage, and it takes daily wear well.

Warm water, mild soap and a soft brush. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners on anything fracture-filled, stabilised, dyed or visibly included.

What canary Tourmaline costs

As a guide, canary Tourmaline trades around 80–500 USD/ct for clean saturated stones.

That is a range, not a quote. Colour, size, clarity, cut and origin move the figure a long way inside it, and the only honest price is one given against a specific stone. Send us what you need and we will price it.

Questions

Is canary Tourmaline treated, and how?

Zambian material is commonly heated to about 500–600 °C to remove a brownish or pinkish cast, and the treatment is stable and effectively undetectable. Assume heating unless a report says otherwise.

Where does canary Tourmaline come from?

Lundazi, Eastern Province, Zambia and Canhota, Paraíba, Brazil. Origin affects price, so we name the locality rather than the country on every quote.

Is canary Tourmaline hard enough to wear every day?

Yes. At 7–7.5 on the Mohs scale with no cleavage plane, it handles daily wear well. The practical limit is gradual abrasion rather than chipping.

How much does canary Tourmaline cost?

Indicatively 80–500 USD/ct for clean saturated stones. Colour, size, clarity and origin move the price a long way within that, so treat it as a range and ask for a quote against a specific stone.

What is canary Tourmaline confused with?

Most often Yellow beryl, Citrine, Chrysoberyl and Yellow sapphire. A refractive index of 1.619–1.640 and a specific gravity near 3.05–3.10 separate it quickly.

Related stones

Looking for canary tourmaline?

Tell us the size, the quality and what it is for. We source it, photograph it and quote it — with the locality named.