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Jacobsite

Spinel group · Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄ · Mohs 5.5–6.5

Also sold as: Manganese ferrite spinel

In short

Jacobsite is the gem and ornamental form of spinel group, Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄, and sits at 5.5–6.5 on the Mohs scale. Its colour comes from opaque black from Mn–Fe charge transfer; brown internal reflections. Jakobsberg, Värmland, Sweden is the source that matters commercially. Untreated.

The facts

Species
Spinel group
Chemistry
Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
Hardness
5.5–6.5 on the Mohs scale
Refractive index
Opaque, about 2.3
Specific gravity
4.76–5.03
Crystal system
Isometric
Cleavage
None; uneven fracture
Cause of colour
Opaque black from Mn–Fe charge transfer; brown internal reflections
Origins
Jakobsberg, Värmland, Sweden · Kalahari Manganese Field, Northern Cape, South Africa · Långban, Värmland, Sweden
Treatment
Untreated. Weakly magnetic, which helps separate it from magnetite only with care. A specimen mineral.
Confused with
Magnetite, Franklinite, Hausmannite
Price guidance
Specimens 15–150 USD

What jacobsite actually is

Mineralogically, jacobsite is spinel group — Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄, crystallising in the isometric system.

The colour is caused by opaque black from Mn–Fe charge transfer; brown internal reflections. That is worth knowing because it determines what heating, light and time can and cannot do to the stone.

A refractometer gives nothing, because the material is opaque, and the specific gravity sits near 4.76–5.03; cleavage is none; uneven fracture.

Where jacobsite comes from

The recognised sources are Jakobsberg, Värmland, Sweden, Kalahari Manganese Field, Northern Cape, South Africa and Långban, Värmland, Sweden.

Origin affects price in this material, so we name the locality on every quote rather than the country. "African" or "Asian" tells a buyer nothing.

How jacobsite is treated

Untreated. Weakly magnetic, which helps separate it from magnetite only with care. A specimen mineral.

None of this is a problem when it is said out loud. It becomes one the moment it is left out.

What jacobsite is confused with

The usual confusions are Magnetite, Franklinite and Hausmannite.

Because the material is opaque, refractive index is no help. Specific gravity around 4.76–5.03, hardness of 5.5–6.5, streak and magnification do the work instead.

What jacobsite is used for

Jacobsite is bought by mineral collecting — and each of those trades wants a different form of the same material.

We quote each application in the unit that trade actually buys in, by the specimen.

Durability and care

Jacobsite is 5.5–6.5 on the Mohs scale, with none; uneven fracture cleavage.

With no cleavage plane to worry about, the practical limit is abrasion rather than breakage, and it takes daily wear well.

Warm water, mild soap and a soft brush. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners on anything fracture-filled, stabilised, dyed or visibly included.

What jacobsite costs

Indicative pricing for jacobsite is Specimens 15–150 USD.

That is a range, not a quote. Colour, size, clarity, cut and origin move the figure a long way inside it, and the only honest price is one given against a specific stone. Send us what you need and we will price it.

Questions

Is jacobsite treated, and how?

Untreated. Weakly magnetic, which helps separate it from magnetite only with care. A specimen mineral.

Where does jacobsite come from?

Jakobsberg, Värmland, Sweden, Kalahari Manganese Field, Northern Cape, South Africa and Långban, Värmland, Sweden. Origin affects price, so we name the locality rather than the country on every quote.

Is jacobsite hard enough to wear every day?

Yes. At 5.5–6.5 on the Mohs scale with no cleavage plane, it handles daily wear well. The practical limit is gradual abrasion rather than chipping.

How much does jacobsite cost?

Indicatively Specimens 15–150 USD. Colour, size, clarity and origin move the price a long way within that, so treat it as a range and ask for a quote against a specific stone.

What is jacobsite confused with?

Most often Magnetite, Franklinite and Hausmannite. Since the material is opaque, separation relies on specific gravity near 4.76–5.03, hardness and magnification.

Related stones

Looking for jacobsite?

Tell us the size, the quality and what it is for. We source it, photograph it and quote it — with the locality named.